Close your eyes and select and eat the goldfish random
p2 +2pq+q2= 1 (or 100%)
p= the frequency of a dominant allele in a gene pool for a given trait. q= the frequency of a recessive allele in a gene pool for the same trait.
p+q=1 (or 100%)
a. is a recessive trait (f); these fish happen to taste yummy and are easy to catch.
b. is a dominant trait (F); these fish aren’t as yummy, are sneaky and are more difficult to catch.
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For fishy crackers, you will assume that in the total population, you have the following genotypes, FF, Ff, and ff. You will also assume that the mating is RANDOM so that ff, Ff or FF could mate with ff, Ff, or FF, etc. In addition, you assume that for gold and brown traits there are only two alleles in the population—F and f. If you counted all the alleles for these traits, the fraction of “f” alleles plus the fraction of “F” alleles would add up to 1 (or 100%).
Here’s an example: If you know that you have 16% homozygous recessive fish (ff), then your qq or q2 value is 0.16, and q = the square root of 0.16 or 0.4; thus the frequency of your f allele is .4 and since the sum of the f and F alleles must be 1, the frequency of your F allele must be 0.6. Using Hardy Weinberg, you can assume that in your population you have 0.36 FF (0.6 x 0.6) and 0.48 Ff (2 x 0.4 x 0.6) as well as the original 0.16 ff that you counted.
4. Return to the ocean, close your eyes, and randomly select 3 new Goldfish to replace those that were eaten.
5. Record your new count of orange and brown Goldfish in Table 1 as Generation 2.
Class DataActivity 1
Table 1. Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
Generation | Number of Orange Goldfish |
Number of Brown Goldfish |
p | q | p2 | 2pq | q2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 85 | 55 | |||||
2 | 87 | 53 | |||||
3 | 80 | 60 | |||||
4 | 74 | 66 | |||||
5 | 79 | 61 |
5. Now record the number of gold and brown fish present in generation 2.
6. Again eat 3 fish, all GOLD if possible and add 3 randomly selected fish, one for each death. Count and record as generation 3.
calculate p, q, p2, q2, and 2pq for each generation.
10. Next use the totals from the class data in number 8 to fill in your class data table below, then
calculate p, q, p2, q2, and 2pq for each generation on this table (be sure to select correct class period tab). 11. After you’re done with your calculations, move on to the analysis questions below.
Generation | Number of Orange Goldfish |
Number of Brown Goldfish |
p | q | p2 | 2pq | q2 |
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Generation | Number of Orange Goldfish |
Number of Brown Goldfish |
p | q | p2 | 2pq | q2 |
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1 | |||||||
2 | |||||||
3 | |||||||
4 | |||||||
5 |
graph. Use separate colors and be sure to include Titles, labels and a legend/key. Place your completed graphs below.
Individual data
Graph 1 Equilibrium:
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8. Overall, what happened to the genotypic frequencies from generation 1 to generation 5 in Activity 1?
9. Overall, what happened to the genotypic frequencies from generation 1 to generation 5 in Activity 2?
13. Explain what would happen if selective pressure changed and the recessive gene was selected for.
14. Is Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium possible in nature? Explain