Including rammed earth and mud brick framed walls incorporating timber

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Q2: What are low-rise buildings defined as?

Answer: . ““A low rise building is a structure that has a 4 floors and below.A low-rise is a building that is only a few stories tall or any building that is shorter than a high-rise, though others include the classification of mid-rise.”

Q4: Explain what section properties are and the effect it has on structural performance.

Answer: “Section properties involve the mathematical properties of structural shapes of a building. It explains why some shapes are more efficient at supporting loads than others. These properties are looked at in more detail following Centre of area (or centroid) second moment of area or moment of inertia”

• Lightweight concrete construction

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• Post and truss construction

• Single-leaf (reinforced) masonry construction

Lightweight concrete construction- “Lightweight concrete can be defined as a type of concrete which includes an expanding agent in that it increases the volume of the mixture while giving additional qualities such as lessened the dead weight. It is lighter than the conventional concrete.”

Pole frame construction- “Post-frame construction refers to a highly engineered wood-framed building that can be built with a variety of exteriors. A post-frame building blends superior efficiency, flexibility and strength and has paved the path for it to become a trusted method throughout the construction industry.”

• Post and truss construction-“A truss is an assembly of beams or other elements that creates a rigid structure. In engineering, a truss is a structure that "consists of two-force members only, where the members are organized so that the assemblage as a whole behaves as a single object"

• Single-leaf (reinforced) masonry construction-“Masonry construction is defined as small masonry units jointed together with mortar. The masonry unit could be of:Natural stone (either completely or partially dressed for squareness),Solid or cellular brick or blocK,Clay, concrete or calcium silicate”

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Column- “Columnis a vertical structural member that carry loads mainly in compression. It is assumed to be the most crucial structural member of a building because the safety of a building rest on the column strength”

“Retaining walls are relatively rigid walls used for supporting soil laterally so that it can be retained at different levels on the two sides.”

Q9: What information must be included in an application for a demolition permit?

Answer: “The application must include the description of the building, a plan of the site siting the building in correlation to the site boundaries and other site details, computation of the structural showing the adequacy of the building, description of protection and hoardings, a report or written report of the procedure for the demolition, proof or verification that the demolisher has enough knowledge, encounter or experiences to conduct the demolition”

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Q11: Explain what the legislative requirements are relating to demolition.

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accepted safety and health principles and practices into a particular task or job operation”

Architects-“Architects in construction plays an important role and they are responsible for visual appearance of the buildings and structures before final structural design”

“Draftspersons-Civil Drafters perform calculations for layouts and designs. They also assist in design computations and cost estimates, and they prepare layouts that are drawn to scale. In order to design and plan projects, civil drafters help prepare reports, maps, drawings, and plans.”

“Surveyors-The surveyor is the person who is supposed to make precise measurement that will identify the boundary. Surveyors help in providing unique contours on the surface of the earth which will let the engineers to make maps and construction projects.”

Q14: What effective communication skills would you need to demonstrate when consulting with industry professionals?

Project documentation may include: “Building approval and contract plans  Building and planning permits
 Title document
 Design and specifications

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Q17: What are the requirements for new and emerging building technologies under the NCC?

Answer: “The Building Code of Australia (BCA) also has requirements to allow for new and emerging building technologies. The requirements state that any new technology must satisfy certain performance requirements and this can be determined by using the following assessment methods: Documentary evidence, Verification methods, Expert judgement, ,Comparison to deemed to satisfy provisions”

“Site investigations and surveying-A site investigation simply is the process of the collection of information, the appraisal of data, assessment, and reporting without which the hazards in the ground beneath the site cannot be known”

“Construction materials, components, systems and techniques- construction material is material used for construction.Building construction is the process of adding structure to real property. The vast majority of building construction projects are small renovations, such as addition of a room, or renovation of a bathroom”

“Communications-Communication is a form of transferring information or message from one person to another, from one place to another place”

“Smart technology-a smart building is one that is using technology to share information about what goes on in the building between systems so as to optimise the building's performance”

“Construction materials, components, systems and techniques- construction material is material used for construction. Building construction is the process of adding structure to real property. The vast majority of building construction projects are small renovations, such as addition of a room, or renovation of a bathroom”

“Building services- Building Services are the electrical, plumbing, and mechanical systems in a building”

“Smart technology- a smart building is one that is using technology to share information about what goes on in the

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“The properties and behaviour of building materials”

“The initial and long-term costs”

Q22: What will you need to check when conducting a pre-commencement site inspection?

Answer- “Check if the site is safe and ready for work. Also by using a checklist it will be easy during the inspection to check the health and safety on the new construction sites where the workers are working.”

for a construction project are Adequate depth, Bearing capacity failure, Settlement, Quality, Adequate strength, Adverse soil changes, Seismic forces.”

Q24: List seven different footing systems.

“Reinforced concrete piers and beams-a reinforced concrete footing is buried deep underground, which anchors the entire foundation of the building in the ground to prevent shifting in volatile soils”

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Answer: Rock sites- have no ground movement

Sand sites –has little movement sometimes

Sand sites –has little movement sometimes

Clay sites – slight movement because of the moisture changes

Answer:”A damp-proof course (DPC) is a barrier through the structure designed to prevent moisture rising by capillary action such as through a phenomenon known as rising damp”

“It works as a barrier of impervious material built into a wall or pier to prevent moisture”

Ans:

 Steel, aluminium or other metals Concrete
 Masonry
 Fibre-reinforced cement

Answer: “When constructing a house one need to check which type of flooring are used, the laying of pipes and reinforcemen. One should make sure that the Structural floor system includes Brick bases, Engineered timber products, Panel systems of concrete and AAC,Suspended and slab-on-ground concrete slab floors, Timber and steel floor construction.”

Q31: List five structural floor systems.

They rely entirely on the existing ground for support.

The ground (more correctly known in the industry as the foundation) must be strong enough to support the concrete slab.”
 Stiffened raft slab –“A stiffened raft consists of a concrete slab on ground stiffened by integral edge

Q33: Explain what structural wall systems and wall cladding systems are.

Answer: “The term structural wall system or structural frame in structural engineering refers to the load-resisting sub-system of a building or object. The structural system transfers loads through interconnected elements or members.Wall cladding means that the exterior of a building is covered with panels of a different material. These systems are also called cladding systems and are a part of the composite of the particular building. Different cladding systems will be used for different buildings or projects.”

 Masonry walls incorporating cavity brick, single-leaf masonry and lightweight concrete (AAC).”

.

Answer: “The term 'cladding' refers to components that are attached to the primary structure of a building to form non-structural, external surfaces. Most performance characteristics of cladding materials vary substantially and are outlined in the broad, individual materials groupings in 'Cladding options' They are Appearance, Environmental impacts, Embodied energy, Structural capability, Insulation,Thermal mass,Sound insulation and Vermin resistance.”

“structural capability of cladding is that it has High-quality, well-designed, properly-installed cladding which can help maximise thermal performance and minimise air leakage.”

 “Ducting for heating and cooling
 Electrical and communication systems
 Extractive vacuum and exhaust systems
 Passive and active fire detection and prevention systems
 Plumbing and drainage
 Powered systems for operating doors and windows Smoke control and containment systems.”

Q38: Explain what procedures should be followed when having plumbing and electrical services installed in a building.

Answer: “While installing windows and external doors in a commercial building, one need to make sure that they are complying with relevant codes, manufacturer specifications and construction principles. The Australian Window Association is a co-operative of window manufacturers and their suppliers, and is committed to raising standards of the built performance of windows and doors in Australia. The AWA provides an industry guide for the installation of windows and doors. There is also need to make sure they

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