Critically evaluate how the expansionist, entrepreneurial, risk taking and innovative moves employed by the companies are affected by the four aforementioned Management Systems in the era of increased competition and opportunities.

Most companies nowadays seek to be very innovative, entrepreneurial, risk taking and expansionist in their approach towards business. This is done consciously so as to move away from all management techniques that are inwardly focused. New markets are increasingly seen to be emerging for various services and products, and firms that adopt an innovative approach to business are able to reap very significant benefits. This essay critically evaluates how such risk taking, innovative, entrepreneurial and expansionist moves that are employed by companies get affected by four management systems, namely 1) cost management, 2) planning, budgets, control and performance, 3) feedback and 4) scorekeeping, attention directing and problem solving, in an era of increased opportunities and competition.

As argued by Rothaermal (2015), risk taking ventures that are undertaken by companies, are undoubtedly influenced by the process of cost management. Assessing the costs and risks of alternative debt strategies for instance becomes quite crucial in helping policy makers to decide as to which is the correct strategy that should be adopted and implemented (Rothaermal 2015). This is particularly helpful when it comes to analyzing any trade off between external and domestic borrowing activities, as there are different types of risks and costs that are associated with such alternative financing sources.

In the view of Chang (2016), to understand how cost management can affect or influence business expansion it must first be understood that the most important motive behind business expansion or business growth is increase in profit. Two components can be increased, that is, the profit as sales percentage or the absolute dollar or pound amount of any sale. When the two are achieved simultaneously, the expansion or growth that takes place will turn out to be a very rewarding one. Careful decision processes have to be completed in situations where trade-offs occur, such as between increasing dollar volumes of sales through an increase in prices or decreasing profit percentage to sales through a reduction in prices. Price reduction for the purpose of achieving growth or expansion is a strategy that has to be implemented if growth is to be sustained after commitments are made. When lower prices are charged in order to bring about an increase in sales, then the gross profit margin is decreased (Chang 2016).

According to Burns and Dewhurst (2016), when it comes to understanding the relationship between cost management and entrepreneurship it must be remembered right at the outset that cost management needs to be a planned process. It is important to figure out what tools and documents are required for meeting all project costs, both outgoing as well as incoming (Burns and Dewhurst 2016). The documentation created and tools identified shall support the planning, managing, spending and controlling of money. Project costs also have to be properly estimated. It has to be estimated as to how much the staff is going to cost, in addition to the cost of suppliers, contractor costs, the cost of premises, council costs if permissible etc. As stated by Hatten (2015), if funds are not sufficient then certain costs have to be scaled back to what can be afforded and some project activities have to be eliminated. Once the costs are layered into the project schedule a budget profile will be created. Once all this is done the actual costs of running the business are compared to the baseline costs and the variance will be visible regarding the costs that had been estimated and the costs that are actually being incurred. Corrective action can thereafter be taken for the purpose of reining in costs. This information shall give entrepreneurs all the figures and facts that can later be handed over to loan providers and investors as and when needed (Hatten 2015).

Johnston and Marshall (2014), argue, that where cost management and innovative business ventures are concerned, it needs to be determined how costs can end up impacting the holistic image or picture of the business enterprise. Daily activities have to be taken into consideration and the impact of costs has to be understood on the basis of the speed at which business activities are carried out. How cost efficiency can create new opportunities for business, is also something that needs to be understood. How resources and assets may be shifted as a result of cost efficiency must be contemplated (Johnston and Marshall 2014).

Piekkari et al. (2014) state that since market conditions change on a continuous basis, business plans need to be revisited and updated regularly, especially if the business is to be expanded. Business strategies must evolve to suit changed circumstances. Businesses also need to be highly alert to any new opportunities. There are plenty of risks associated with relying solely on an existing client or customer base. When the customer base is diversified, the risks get spread out. Franchising and outsourcing can be considered to increase business opportunities (Piekkari et al. 2014).

As far as planning, budgeting, control and performance and their relationship to entrepreneurship is concerned, the first crucial step that is carried out is business research. It is necessary for entrepreneurs to know about their target customer base and who are likely to benefit the maximum from the services and products made available by the entrepreneurs. Customer strengths, weaknesses and interests must be known in order to tailor marketing messages in the most effective manner. Entrepreneurs also need to develop long range goals and strategies in order to determine the strategies and the steps that need to be carried out to accomplish such goals. Logical financial projections and models need to be prepared through the use of spreadsheet software and all functional areas of the business must be well understood by entrepreneurs so that business expenditures can be accurately projected.

According to Scarborough (2016), business planning, control and performance have a vital role to play as far as risk taking goes. High-level objectives need to be broken down into operational and tactical key performance indicators as well as targets. All the factors that are associated with uncertainty need to be identified. Then risk analysis is performed using risk modelling software and finally, the risk analysis is transformed into action. The risks faced must also be reviewed every now and then and contingency plans must be developed for combating the risks (Scarborough 2016).

It is argued by Samson and Gloet (2014), that business planning and control can strongly influence innovative business ventures. Business planning is something that provides an enterprise with a roadmap with which to achieve targets and goals. If targets cannot be met in spite of adhering to business plans then this implies that changes are taking place to the business environment. In such a situation innovation becomes quite imperative. Research and a thorough understanding of the market form a key aspect of business innovation, including the company’s services and products, the company’s positioning, and the resources that are required for implementing any change (Samson and Gloet 2014).

As argued by Davis et al. (2013), customer or client feedback has a crucial role to play in influencing business expansion. If customers respond positively to the products and services manufactured by a company and the sale profits are high, the company can think about expanding its operations. If the feedback is low on the other hand and sales are on the decline, it will be time for the business to cut its losses and wind up the business (Davis et al. 2013). Davis et al. (2013), also argue that entrepreneurship always has to take customer feedback into consideration to best understand how its products and services should be improved upon. The feedback whether positive, negative or neutral will tell entrepreneurs about the areas of improvement for products and services (Davis et al. 2013).

In the view of Buch et al. (2014), when it comes to risk taking and client feedback, any positive feedback coming from clients will let a business owner know if risk taking initiatives can be undertaken. For instancing, lending is a risky business and if a lending company gets positive feedback from customers for loans sanctioned, it can decide to provide more loans down the line for an increased customer base (Buch et al. 2014).

As argued by Douglas et al. (2016), innovations are also greatly influenced by customer feedback. If customer feedback states that changes or adjustments made to certain products can enhance their appeal, then innovations have to be introduced to such products in order to make them more appealing to customers when launched in the market (Douglas et al 2016).

Fuller (2015), states that scorekeeping refers to keeping track of a business’ progress and failure and that is important to be aware of the business enterprises credit score to have a thorough understanding of how that enterprise is being viewed by investors and creditors. If the credit rating is low and liabilities associated with the business are high then investors are not likely to come forth and support that enterprise (Fuller 2015).

In the view of Williams (2016), scorekeeping will always tell entrepreneurs how well or how badly their business is doing. The credit rating of a business goes down when profits are low and the expenditures and debts are high. By keeping track of the credit rating, entrepreneurs will understand how much they need to improve their business or make it even better, based on what the rating is (Williams 2016).

Scorekeeping as argued by Kanchu and Kumar (2013), has an important co-relation to risk taking endeavors. When the credit rating of a business is low, risks cannot be taken as financing in the form of loans and short-term credit cannot be applied for. Similarly, a business like a lending company cannot take the risk of lending or sanctioning loans if the credit rating is low and if it is not able to recover money on time, and if it is faced with increasing debt and related liabilities (Kanchu and Kumar 2013).

According to Taran et al. (2015), scorekeeping will also tell a business if it needs to innovate in certain areas of its operations or not. If the credit rating is low, then undoubtedly profits are likely to be low so the business may then have to change the way in which it produces goods or the way it markets its products and services in order for the value of these to increase and for the credit rating to go up. If the credit rating is already high, innovations may not be needed at all (Taran et al. 2015).

In the view of Leybourn (2013), attention directing refers to a managerial accounting report that is designed to help the management of any business focus on tasks which end up adding a lot of value to the enterprise. Attention directing is necessary for business expansion as it can tell an enterprise to focus on the type of products and services that can help it do well in the market, should it expand its operations. When in the process of expansion, a business can avoid making mistakes in the manufacture and marketing of products and instead produce only what is likely to be held in high regard by customers, by looking at attention directing reports (Leybourn 2013).

According to Lueg et al. (2015) all entrepreneurs need to deploy attention directing if they are to take their business in forward direction. Attention directing will tell entrepreneurs what services and products they not should be releasing into the market and the type of products and services that are doing well and which ought to be enhanced or innovated upon in order to increase their already existing appeal among customers (Lueg et al. 2015).

As argued by Ward (2016), attention directing can help an enterprise to avoid taking risks. If the products and services of a business are not doing well in the market, an attention directing report can prevent the management of that business from undertaking any risky business ventures based on those products and services, as these are not of any value to the business in the first place (Ward 2016).

It is stated by Ramirez et al. (2013), that attention directing can certainly inform an enterprise as to whether it needs to innovate regarding its products and services or not. If the business managers know which products and services are adding value to the company they can avoid undertaking any innovations regarding their production. If there are services and products being made available by the business that are of no value to it, the business management will have to decide how they can innovate to make these more appealing or if they should stop producing such services and goods altogether (Ramirez et al. 2013).

According to Hicks (2013), problem solving can go a long way in assisting a business with plans to expand. As a business keeps growing and developing, it becomes imperative to become alert to new priorities and problems. Intellectual property must be protected adequately and more resources should be deployed for the purpose of brand development. key growth drivers should also be identified if a business owner has to prioritize. The management of the business should also deploy a disciplined approach towards its employees and towards developing its business strategies. Systems and structures ought to be developed to make problem solving an easy affair (Hicks 2013).

According to Lindsay and Wood (2014), entrepreneurs always have to take a leading role as far as problem solving in business activities is concerned. They need to have the correct attitude, adopt novel approaches to problem solving, focus on solutions and emphasize the importance of teamwork in order to get problems resolved in a quick and efficient manner (Lindsay and Wood 2014).

For Cleden (2017), as far as problem solving and taking risks is concerned. Business owners need to be aware of the different risks that can arise in the course of running an enterprise. They need to distinguish between high value and low value risks before taking any problem solving initiative as and when risks do emerge. Not all risks should be viewed as those capable of bringing about disaster (Cleden 2017).

In the view of Luthans et al (2013) Problem solving plays a vital role in business innovation too. Innovations are often undertaken as a result of deploying a problem solving approach to a business problem. If certain innovations seem hard to implement, problem solving on the part of the business owner will be necessary. He will have to determine the ways and means by which that innovation can be brought about to give products and services a new look prior to being launched in the market (Luthans et al. 2013).

Thus, cost management and budgeting, planning and control, feedback, scorekeeping, attention directing and problem solving all have a crucial role to play when it comes to the manner in which expansionist, risky and innovative business ventures are undertaken and the way in entrepreneurship is generally executed.

References

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