Busn20016 Research In Business- Corporate Assessment Answers
Answer
Introduction of the subject
This study seeks to understand and analyze the aspects of corporate social responsibility, ethics and accountability in an organization. The study also seeks to establish the role played by the three aspects in an organization and the impact that they have on organizational performance. Corporate social responsibility is defined as the relationship between corporate organizations and the stakeholders of the organization as well as the local environment in which the organization operates. It also involves the relationship of an organization with the local communitywhere its based. Corporate social responsibility has become dominant in today`s business world. Accountability is the obligation of an individual or organization to account for activities and actions and take responsibility for the outcome whether its positive or negative. An individual or organization should be able to disclose the results in a transparent and truthful manner.
Research questions
What is the meaning of corporate social responsibility, organizational ethics and accountability?
What is the impact of the corporate social responsibility, organizational ethics and accountability on an organization?
How do most organizations perform currently in form of corporate social responsibility?
What is the arising corporate responsibility and ethics issue among organizations today?
What is the framework used by organization for CSR, ethics and accountability?
Justification
CSR has become a major area of concern for organizations today. The term corporate social responsibility was developed in the 1960s. During that time, very few organizations were involved in social activities and promotion of community affairs. However, there were still some small businesses and organizations which played a major role in contributing to social good. After the turn of the millennium, the popularity of corporate social responsibility has increased significantly. Almost all organizations globally are involved in corporate social responsibility activities in one way or the other. The increasing involvement of corporate organizations in social activities has prompted researchers to study on the reasons why corporate organizations engage in CSR(Harjoto, 2017). Many authors have also investigated the impact of corporate social responsibility on an organization. Ethics is another aspect of business organizations which has been highly researched on. This is majorly due to the huge role played by ethics in determining organizational success. An ethical organization will most likely be successful even financially. There has been a consistent question on the role that ethics play in determining the success of an organization. The impact of ethics on an organization also needs to be determined so as to help organizations determine what they need to do to improve the performance of their organizations using ethics. Accountability in an organizational context means an individual being to account for all activities and disclose the results of in an open manner. In the recent past, cases of fraud and dishonest among employees and management has been on the rise (Colle, Henriques & Sarasvathy, 2014). Organizations sometimes try to hide from stakeholders the true financial state of an organization. It is therefore important to construct a research to determine the impact of accountability on an organization and the factors which promote this value in an organization.
Problem Statement
Corporate social responsibility ethics and accountability very important aspects in an organization in today`s business world. Most of the global and local based corporations have a policy regarding corporate activities which are socially responsible.Different authors and scholars view corporate social responsibility from different aspects with some focusing on the social role played by the organization while other focus on the responsibility of the organization towards the stakeholders excluding the society. The aspect of corporate social responsibility and what it means to organizations has evolved over the years. Organizations all over the world are playing a greater role in corporate social responsibility. This study seeks to understand what impact this aspect has on organizations. Organizational ethics can be defined as principles, rules and policies which govern the behavior of people in an organization. Ethics are at the core of every organization since they have a huge bearing on organizational performance. The minimum tolerable standards of behavior and performance are set by the organization to help guide employees when executing their dally task at the work place (Ackers, 2017). Ethics help an organization to be disciplined and they promote good relations between employees and other stakeholders and also among employees themselves. Ethics as well as accountability are very crucial for an organization to achieve its objectives. This study aims at investigating the imact that these three aspects have on an organization and how they can be incorporated in an organizations business framework to improve performance.
Aim and Objectives
The main aim of this research is to analyze the changes that the subject of CSR, ethics and accountability have undergone over the years and investigate the impact that they have on business organizations. The following are the objectives of this study:
- Analysis and evaluation of concept of CSR,ethics and accountability and how the concept has evolved over time
- Identification of the impacts of CSR,ethics and accountability on a business organization
- Application of aspects and key concepts of CSR,ethics and accountability on a real business organization
- Evaluation of the impact of CSR,ethics and accountability on the brand name of the organization
Potential outcome of the project
The expected outcomes of the research are as follows:
The research should be able to evaluate and discuss clearly the aspects of corporate social responsibility, organizational ethics and accountability.
The study should be able to identify the impact that corporate social responsibility, ethics and accountability have on an organization.
The study will be able to identify and discuss the theories underlying corporate social responsibility, ethics and accountability and identify the corporate social responsibility performance of the organization.
Application of corporate social responsibility, ethics and accountability issues in an organizational framework.
Literature review
The subjects of corporate social responsibility, ethics and accountability have been widely researched over the years. The researchers used many different research methods to help them arrive and fulfill the aims and objectives of their study. According to Pillay, (2016), corporate social responsibility has increased in recent years due to factors like increased customer interest (Pillay, 2016). He argues that ethical conduct of companies exerts a growing influence on customers. This influence may result to customers buying from the organization and eventually becoming a loyal customer. Another factor that has been identified to lead to corporate social responsibility is the demand for greater discloses by various stakeholders. The other drivers of CSR are the increasing competition for human resource.
CSR has a very huge impact on every organization. According to Harjoto, (2017)CSR is important to an organization since it brings stability to the business organization. It helps an organization achieve its long term goals by maintaining good relations with various stakeholders who are very important to the organization. CSR is also seen to contribute to customer retention. A research by Ross, (2017) indicated that most customers would rather buy from a company that is involved in CSR rather than buying from a company that is not involved in CSR. Corporate social responsibility has a huge impact on the image of the organization. It helps to cultivate and cast a positive image of the organization and hence the organization is able to reap the benefits of good image for long period of time (Schreck, 2013).CSR saves organizations loads of cash. A responsible organization will be able to avoid fines due to not complying with safety regulations and poor employee working conditions. This helps an organization to achieve a stable cash flow.
Ethics have a very huge impact on every organization. Ethics set the minimum standards of behavior in an organization and this helps in ensuring discipline at the work place (Shelton, 2014). Discipline ensures that all employees are able to complete their tasks as planned. Ethics also cultivate the organizational culture of the organization. This is very important in determine the performance standards and goal which the employees strive to meet. Ethics in an organization also play an important role in cultivating a positive image of the organization among customers and other stakeholders (Crane, Matten & Spence, 2013). This is very important in attracting new customers and in encouraging customer loyalty. In addition to this, ethics have a huge impact on the output of an organization. This is because good organizational ethics create a conducive environment for employees to perform optimum and hence contribute to good employee performance. Ethics also results to better conflict resolution methods and less conflicts within the organization and hence improving the performance of the organization (Tatum, 2012).
Accountability has a huge impact on any organization since it defines the relationship between the organization and various stakeholders. It promotes open communication and disclosure of information. This ensures transparency and honesty within an organization and between its stakeholders.
Methodology
This research uses qualitative research method. This method is suitable for this study since the variables being investigated cannot be quantified and are descriptive in nature. The research will use both primary and secondary data. Employees and managers of ten organizations chosen randomly will be interviewed and others issued with questionnaires. Peer reviewed journal articles as well as internet sources will be used to provide extra secondary information on this research.Books written on the corporate social responsibility, ethics and accountability in organizations will also be evaluated to provide further information needed for this research study. Internet sources of data and information are also important to carry out research successfully on this subject. Internet sources will be used to complement other sources of data and to provide timely data on the research topic. The data collected from this study is expected to be descriptive in nature. The phenomenon being studied cannot be measured numerically and hence the only method to conduct this research is through the qualitative research methods.
Data analysis
Qualitative data analysis methods will be used to analyze the data resulting from this study. The data collected on research subject will be compared with the information collected in the literature review. The aspects of CSR, ethics &accountability will be analyzed and evaluated now and compared to past data (Audi, 2012).. The changes in this aspect can then be determined and conclusions made from the research. The comparison of past and present data is a perfect method of data analysis using the qualitative method since it sets a threshold with which the variables can be compared.
Data presentation
Since data collected using qualitative methods is descriptive in nature, the analysis, research findings and conclusions from this study will be presented using written reports.
Conceptual Framework
The subjects of corporate social responsibility, ethics and accountability have been highly researched in the previous years. The attention given to this subject signifies the huge role played by these aspects in an organization. Corporate social responsibility is viewed differently from organization to organization depending on the CRS goals of the company (Trong Tuan, 2012). Previous researches indicates that corporate social responsibility helps to improve the image of the organization among the existing and potential customers and therefore an organization is able to attract more customers(Bright, Winn& Kanov, 2014). CRS also help an organization to be responsible to the society and protect their interest. Promotion of social good helps to create good relations between the organization and the society and hence promoting a good conducive environment for the organization to thrive. Ethics in an organization instill discipline among employees and hence help them to focus towards achieving the organizational goals and objectives. Accountability has a very huge impact in any organization since it promotes openness and understanding in an organization.
Project Schedule
|
Activity |
Start Date |
Duration |
End date |
|
Identification of research subject |
1/8/2017 |
7 |
8//8/2017 |
|
Formulation of research questions and hypothesis |
8//8/2017 |
10 |
18/8/2017 |
|
Identification and formulation of research methods and design |
18/8/2017 |
21 |
8/9/2017 |
|
Research proposal writing |
8/9/2017 |
14 |
2/10/2017 |
|
Literature review |
2/10/2017 |
21 |
23/10/2017 |
|
Data collection |
23/10/2017 |
30 |
21/11/2017 |
|
Data analysis and interpretation |
21/11/2017 |
15 |
6/12/2017 |
|
Preparation of final report |
6/12/2017 |
10 |
16/12/2017 |
Project budget
|
Item/Purpose |
Amount ($) |
|
Payment of research assistants |
1,350 |
|
Purchase of literature review materials |
970 |
|
Traveling expenses |
1400 |
|
Printing and consultancy fee |
880 |
|
Total |
$4,600 |
Conclusion
This paper evaluates the research subject of corporate social responsibility, ethics and accountability to determine the impact that this factors have on organizations (Wild, 2014). The first section of the report is identification the research topic and a clearly stated problem of the statement. The paper also justifies the study and identifies the methods and justification that will be used to conduct the research (Brewer, 2012). A review of past literature is done to identify gaps existing in the study. The paper also contains the project schedule and a projected budget for the research.
References
Ackers, B. (2017). The Evolution of Corporate Social Responsibility Assurance – A Longitudinal Study. Social And Environmental Accountability Journal, 37(2), 97-117. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0969160x.2017.1294097
Audi, R. (2012). Virtue ethics as a resource in business. Business Ethics Quarterly, 22(2), 273-291.
Brewer, E. W. (2012). Secondary data analysis. Sage secondary data analysis, 165-176.
Bright, D. S., Winn, B. A., & Kanov, J. (2014). Reconsidering virtue: Differences of perspective in virtue ethics and the positive social sciences. Journal of Business Ethics, 119(4), 445-460.
Crane, A., Matten, D., & Spence, L. J. (2013). Corporate social responsibility in a global context.
de Colle, S., Henriques, A., & Sarasvathy, S. (2014). The paradox of corporate social responsibility standards. Journal of Business Ethics, 125(2), 177-191.
Harjoto, M. (2017). Corporate social responsibility and corporate fraud. Social Responsibility Journal, 00-00. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/srj-09-2016-0166
Laine, M. (2011). Smoke and mirrors: Corporate social responsibility and tax avoidance. Social And Environmental Accountability Journal, 31(1), 99-99. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0969160x.2011.556417
Pillay, R. (2016). The limits to self-regulation and voluntarism: from corporate social responsibility to corporate accountability. Amicus Curiae, 2014(99). https://dx.doi.org/10.14296/ac.v2014i99.2287
Ross, D. (2017). A research-informed model for corporate social responsibility: towards accountability to impacted stakeholders. International Journal Of Corporate Social Responsibility, 2(1). https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40991-017-0019-7
Schreck, P. (2013). Nonfinancial Disclosure and Analyst Forecast Accuracy: International Evidence on Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure. Social And Environmental Accountability Journal, 33(3), 180-181. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0969160x.2013.845036
Shelton, W. (2014). Politicizing the Expertise of the Accounting Industry in the Realm of Corporate Social Responsibility. Social And Environmental Accountability Journal, 34(3), 191-192. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0969160x.2014.967960
Tatum, J. (2012). Enhancing Corporate Accountability under the Criminal Code through Enforcing Corporate Social Responsibility. SSRN Electronic Trong Tuan, L. (2012). Corporate social responsibility, ethics, and corporate governance. Social Responsibility Journal, 8(4), 547-560. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17471111211272110Journal. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2143940
Wild, S. (2014). Conformance and Deviance: Company Responses to Institutional Pressures for Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting. Social And Environmental Accountability Journal, 34(2), 127-127. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0969160x.2014.938486
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