H756 Human Services Research - Free Samples to Students

Design an evaluation report that will be able to assess whether the smoking cessation campaign was successful. An important part of any proposed design is to assess whether the program theory actually worked the way it was intended, i.e., whether persons became aware of the campaign, whether their knowledge increased, whether their attitudes then changed, and whether attitude changes led to smoking cessation behaviors.

 

To ascertain whether the campaign impacts smokers in the way the program logic is intended, it is important to design an evaluation that actually tracks the way the campaign influences smokers over time. Ideally, the evaluation team wants to be able to see whether the program was visible; if it was, whether knowledge increased; if that happened, whether attitudes changed; and if attitudes changed, whether changes in behavior have been reported.

What are the main features of your evaluation design?
How would it be implemented?
How does the design deal (if it does) with possible rival hypotheses (internal validity threats)?
How does the design address statistical conclusions, construct, and external validity?

Introduction

The evaluation of smoking cessation report has one major purpose: influencing the people aged between twenty to thirty years who want to quit smoking habit. According to Deliana & Evan (2013), cigarettes are among the most abused drugs not only by the old people but also by the young ones due to their easiness in attaining them. Therefore, this report is fundamental for those who want to quit smoking because the habit may lead to various side effects to the consumer.

The assessment on whether the smoking cessation campaign was of success is reviewed by healthy education program based on the actual results of the evaluation. Though the studies are less satisfactory, the campaign indicates some signs of success because there was increased number of the people who decided to seek help on how they could quit smoking.

According to the case, one of the features of smoking cessation evaluation include monitoring. This entails keeping the track on whether the process is beneficial to the users or not. According to Rajesh (2012), one of the ways that monitoring can be done is through observation and keeping records on the progress. It can also be done through analyzing the inputs of the process, observing the activities and considering the results based on the increase or decrease in the percentage of the individuals who change their smoking behavior.

According to the case provided, another aspect of smoking cessation can be based on program improvement. This area of evaluation shows the comparison based on the input, activities and the output of the smoking cessation (Karie, 2014). In this case, the program improvement can be reflected by the decrease in the demand of the products which act as a basis of a prove that the targeted group has complied and also belief in the advertisement

The author also affirms that evaluation can also be done through considering the group accountability. This feature is used to help the funders, decision makers and also the targeting group that it is the best decision for an individual to cease smoking through identify the dangers associated with the habit.

Based on the case, smoking cessation would be implemented through conducting the program evaluation procedure, data collection and also undertaking the preliminary analysis. In addition, the implementation can be done by considering the early findings and also the possible recommendations as per the study.

Another way to implement the program according to the article is through administering simple questionnaires to the targeted groups. This will help in assessment on the availability of cessation policies and also the guidelines. The assessment helps in reviewing the smoking cessation policies and also the procedure which is required in order to implement the whole process of the evaluation report.

Also, to be in a position to implement the whole evaluation report, there is also the need to consider the short and the long term outcomes of the model (Grace, 2014). This includes considering if the targeted group is aware of the ongoing campaigns, the level and the basis of the knowledge being passed, the attitude being portrayed by the group and whether there in an increase in the number of those who have tried to quit smoking cessation.

The possible rival hypothesis is influenced by the population exposure. How to achieve sufficient population is more vital in the evaluation report especially for the social economic smokers. With various forms of media such as radios and televisions being the primary channel to enhance the effective reach and influence the adult smokers, there seem to exist a rivalry.

Statistical analysis review that the frequency of smoking cessation varies crosswise based on the population growth.  According to Karie (2014), towns with the highest number of adults aged between twenty to thirty years has increased number of smokers as compared to those with low population. Results from a study from recent studies indicate that smoking cessation that various measures such as creating awareness and providing guidance and counselling can assist many people to quite smoking.

The increased rate of smoking among the adult has led to attrition, which is regarded as one of the major threats to statistical conclusion and eternal validity. Therefore, increasing awareness among adults will limit the number of smokers in the long run. It will also lead to coordination based on the outcome of the evaluation report, and also enhance focus and attention of the intended groups.

According to Proctor (2012), smoking is addictive and therefore requires a lot of commitment especially from the smokers and people who assist them to quite the behavior. Just like the case asserts, smoking is an ever-changing scenery which requires the use of anticipation, control,  logical collection of information from time to in order to be able to modify the program mechanism and behavior as required (Grace & Gillian, 2011).

References

Deliana, K & Evan, B. (2013).  Does Advertising Matter? Estimating the Impact of Cigarette Advertising on Smoking among Youth in Developing Countries.  Contemporary Economic Policy, 31(3), 76-88.

Grace, W & Gillian, S. (2011).  Preparing Undergraduate Nurses to Provide Smoking Cessation Advice and Help.  Nursing Praxis in New Zealand, 27(3), 34-56.

Grace, W. (2014).  Expanding Practice and Extinguishing Risk Factors: Nurses and Smoking Cessation.  Nursing Praxis in New Zealand, 30(2), 132-143.

Karie, H. (2014). Tobacco Goes to College: Cigarette Advertising in Student Media, 1920-1980.  Journalism History, 40(2), 132-154,

Proctor, R. N. (2012). Golden Holocaust: Origins of the Cigarette Catastrophe and the Case for Abolition. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press

Rajesh, P. B. (2012).  Determinants of Resilience to Cigarette Smoking among Youth at Risk. Indian Journal of Positive Psychology, 3(3), 78-98.