HSH762 Resource Allocation And Priority Setting

Three group of services provided were differentiated as follows:

1.Services useful total community, which helps in the normal functioning of the society: EX- nursing homes, care of mentally handicapped

Answer:

Introduction

There are some certain problems that are concerned with the health care system. These concerns are regarding the finance, sustainability and quality all around the world. This has been the main reason for the governments to make use the various public resources in a proper manner. The services for the health care should be made the priority and the resources can be benefitted through the various health benefits. The purpose of this essay is to demonstrate the attributes of the health system by the different governments. The various values and norms would be analyzed to understand the different ways in which the international priorities could be set properly. Some issues could be highlighted for the effective consideration. The rationing if the resources should be more important to the society than the individual persons. The economic evaluation should be made in terms of the cost and effectiveness. The deserving groups should be reached to allocate the proper resources.

 It has been noticed that most countries use the explicit and implicit approach for allocating the resources (Kapiriri, L, 2015). The countries that are using the explicit criteria are USA, UK and New Zealand. They have considered many factors for allocating the resources. The demands for services have raised and this is the reason for using the implicit approach. In order to use the effective budget allocation, the cost and marginal analysis should be made. If the resources are scare, the question of efficiency will come up surely. The different stakeholders like the government, public and government should find the resources for allocation (Ham, 1997).

Priority setting approaches of the countries

Priority setting approach for USA Oregon

The most controversial method for the priority settings following the explicit approach is the Oregon Medicaid program. The purpose of using this method or approach is to provide the health coverage properly to everyone living under the poverty level. The health care services that are available should be maintained as per the Medicaid budget in a cost effective way. The quality of the well being scale will have to be evaluated by the different surveys that had been arranged by the Oregon health services commission. The criteria had been defined in a broader manner. The commission began to make the ranking. The rationing services system in Oregon had been pretty much successful as they have gone on to cover the most number of people in the health insurance policies (OHSC, 1991). The Oregon Medicaid had made the insurances if a person under 21 years of age would die for the lack of organ transplantation. The public values will have to be incorporated to develop the entire health system. The Oregon commission could be arranged in two levels. The priority settings will have to be made on the cost effectiveness. If the cost range dat is not available the entire plan might fail as well. The Oregon health services could develop the health system in better ways indeed. The welfares could be made and the explicit approach would be followed in this case. The second stage signified the use of the net benefits of the health condition. The net outcomes would be judged without considering the cost effective matters ((Honigsbaum 1991). Some information could be gained and it could be used for adjustment of the lists. The health care services are always most essential services in the society indeed. The up gradation of the system had been made no discriminations were made by considering the QALYs (OHSC, 1991).

Priority setting approach for Netherlands

The dunning report was followed by the Netherlands government to make the proper choices within the health care services. The purpose would be solve the different problems that came up for the lack of resources for the proper allocation. There are some elements that are very essential for the health care services. These are the proper care, efficiency and effectiveness of the given care and the responsibilities of the individuals. The resources are very scarce for the aging population, selection of the patients and priority settings. Those elements should always be fulfilled as well. Some of the health services should be taken off to make the healthcare settings in a better way. The healthcare professionals should take out some individual patients indeed. However, it is very problematic to leave out those health services from the basic health packages. The vitro fertilization has been included and the dental health services have been excluded from the basic health insurance services. According to the dunning committee it is indeed a very criticl step (Government committee on choices in health care 1992).

The ‘community oriented approach’ had been mainly highlighted by the dunning committee for the different services in the health care packages. This approach has outlined the need for the social benefits in the utmost ways. The dunning committee has been very much important for the priority settings (Dunning, 1996). These services include three types of categories generally:-

1. The services are useful for the total community helping the society to act normally. Example- mentally handicapped care and nursing homes.
2. Services that are helpful for the total community but it help to redesign the normal functions of the society. Example: stopping communicable diseases and emergency medical services.
3. Services that could be provided by judging on the significance of the disease

The second sieve would rely on the different types of effectiveness like the documented effectiveness, non-documented effectiveness, poorly documented effectiveness and documented ineffectiveness. The only care that could be documented as an effective one shall be included in the basic health package.

The selection of the third sieve will depend on the service relying on the efficiency by the use of the cost effectiveness and cost utility analysis.

The fourth sieve was related to that of personal responsibility. The dunning committee has opned that the resource allocations will have to be reassessed. This should be done at the time when the cost will go higher and positive outcome chances will drop down (Ham, 1997).

As per the discussion, it can be concluded that the essential services included in the basic insurance package are those helping in the well being of the society than that of individual needs (Government committee on choices in health care 1992).