Ict330 Database Management Systems: 3Nf Assessment Answers
Answer:
Normalization
Demba, (2013), explains normalization as a technique in database systems that arranges data in a database to avoid data anomalies such as insertion, update, deletion and redundancy.
To normalize our provided database, we are going to adhere to the following normalization steps:
- Select data origin and convert the data to un-normalized table.
- Transform un-normalized data to 1NF by removing every repeated fields to new table.
- Transform data in 1NF to 2NF by removing each non-key attributes that are only reliant on part of the entity.
- Transform data in 2NF to 3NF by removing new entity which is a non-key primary key.
Our table is as below:
|
Meeting ID |
Meeting Date |
|
Meeting Venue |
Event ID |
User ID |
Rating |
Person ID |
Status |
|
1 |
24/1/2018 |
11:40 am |
Library |
1 |
IA |
3 |
KC |
YES |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
DD |
4 |
YA |
NO |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
KC |
2 |
DD |
YES |
|
2 |
25/1/2018 |
10:30AM |
Trail St |
2 |
IA |
5 |
IA |
YES |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
DD |
4 |
AK |
YES |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
KC |
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
AK |
3 |
|
|
|
3 |
26/1/2018 |
9:00AM |
Blessed Bean |
3 |
DD |
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
IA |
2 |
|
Our dependency Diagrams will be as below
First Normal Form
1NF upholds when fields/columns of a database combined make a unique record at all times and it must have an exceptional column that uniquely identifies the record. Observing our database, we realize that it is not in 1NF, i.e. meetingID cannot uniquely identify a row
Our 1NF will look as below
2NF
For any table to uphold second normal form requirements, it must be in the 1NF and every non-key should not depend functionally on primary key. Looking at our above table, it is in the 1NF and no non-key that is functionally dependent on primary key. Hence, it’s in 2NF, Halpin & Morgan, (2010).
Third Normal Form
An entity satisfies to be in 3NF if it is in the 2NF and has no any transitive functional dependency. For example, field 1 will determine field 2 which determines field 3. In our tables above, you realise field named rating is determined by eventID and userID, however, it is in 2NF. We remove transitive attribute as below
Relation Schema
Elmasri & Navathe, (2010).
ERD
Al-Masree, (2015).
References
Al-Masree, H. K. (2015). Extracting Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) from relational database schema. International Journal of Database Theory and Application, 8(3), 15-26.
Demba, M. (2013). Algorithm for relational database normalization up to 3NF. International Journal of Database Management Systems, 5(3).
Elmasri, R., & Navathe, S. (2010). Fundamentals of database systems. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.
Halpin, T., & Morgan, T. (2010). Information modeling and relational databases. Morgan Kaufmann.
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