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Individual Systems within the Body Sample Assignment

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Individual Systems within the Body

Nervous System

  • Overall executive management of other systems & communicates orders to coordinate other activities
  • Effects our memory, concentration, learning caused by stress response

Endocrine System

  • Works in partner with nervous system to control functions
  • Chronics stress can increase risk for developing diabetes

Circulatory & Cardiovascular Systems

  • Transport nutrients, waste & other chemical messengers within & out of the body
  • Stress can cause structure of vessels to break down and become weaker
  • The vessels are now more susceptible to plaque build up (atherosclerosis) put us at risk for heart disease

Respiratory System

  • Provides oxygen & nourishments to body cells
  • Stress can trigger asthma attacks

Immune System

  • Provides defense against invaders

  • Chronic stress causes our immune system to become weaker
  • Weaker immune system increases our risk of getting sick
  • Can increase cancer risk

Musculoskeletal System (including skin)

  • Provides support & movement for body
  • Stress can cause more joint pain, tension headaches
  • Can cause skin disorder breakouts (acne, scoriosis, eczema)

Digestive System

  • Processes food sources & converts them into usable energy
  • Gets put on hold during stress response
  • Stress related diseases include irritable bowel syndrome, peptic ulcers, inflammatory bowel disease
  • Eating disorders are more prevalent for people under more stress (coping mechanism for stress)

Reproductive System

  • Concerned with Sexual Function & reproduction
  • Chronic stress can effect fertility (effects hypothalamus which produces reproductive hormones), premenstrual syndrome is made worse by stress, diminished sexual function in both males & females

Stress response starts from external sources

  • It is triggered by our senses to the external sources (environment)
  • Our senses can become desensitized over time

Stress Management is instrumental in preventing these disease

  • Diseases of Arousal: Any type of illness that has a direct link to stress

Stress is related to a hormonal or inflammatory response to any of the stress-related diseases

Disease that are exacerbated by stress

  • High blood pressure
  • Multiple sclerosis
  • Alzheimer’s disease
  • AIDS
  • Anorexia
  • Allergies
  • Fibromyalgia
  • Arthritis
  • Pre-mature aging
  • Depression
  • Obesity
  • Herpes (fever blisters)

How Systems Respond to Stress

  • Circulatory System (Cardiovascular &)
    • Heart rate & blood pressure increase instantaneously due to stress response
    • Breathing becomes more rapid; lungs take in more oxygen
    • Spleen discharges red & white blood cells when stress response is initiated
    • Blood flow increases anywhere from 300-400%
  • Immune System
    • Steroid hormones secreted will reduce activity in parts of immune system
    • White blood cells are reduced
    • Takes other immune molecules and repositions them to skin & lymph nodes
  • Gastrointestinal
    • Fluid involved in those systems are diverted from non-essential to essential locations
      • Causes dryness in mouth (decreased saliva), difficulty swallowing & talking
      • Esophagus can have spastic contractions which interferes with swallowing
      • No hunger, stomach pains
      • Increases in secretion of hydrochloric acid (acid reflux)
      • Alterations in peristalsis within intestines
        • Can cause diarrhea or constipation (to fast or to slow)
  • Skin Response
    • Move blood flow away from skin and divert it towards the heart & muscle tissue
    • Reduces blood loss if you are cut
    • Cool, clammy skin is side effect
    • Scalp can actually tighten up and feel like hair is standing up (hair on back of neck standing up)
  • Muscular System
    • Muscles stay in contracted state
    • Continuously stressed muscles
    • Unconscious postures & movements
  • Brain Response
    • Short-term memory is impacted
    • Wave-pattern of electrical activity is impacted
      • Effects memory, concentration, focus, short-term memory

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