Obstacles in Developing Effective Public Policy
Answer:
Introduction:
This text gives a descriptive summary and explanation of the obstacles in developing effective public policy. Leaders promise citizens that they will eliminate poverty in the community by building new projects that will create opportunities for them but later fail in the completion of goals. The Organizations assigned to implement these public policies don’t have the finance to do their job in an effective way. Lack of resources by the government is caused by failure to plan and allocate the required amount of funds for the implementation of the formulated policies. For timely completion of activities, the government is entitled with authority to allocate finance through the ministry of finance. Political heads of various regions and ministries develop new policies hence there is no intervention from the third party any legal representatives to cater for the rights of majority citizens. Bureaucrats are denied the chance to contribute to the debate of development of new rules and regulations and their decisions are overlooked.
Public policy is guidance to the actions adopted by a government with relation to matters of legal regulations. It comprises various rules and legal acts of the constitution which are developed by leaders in politics. This is a stipulated guideline of how the citizens, leaders and officials in public offices are supposed to conduct themselves to obey the law.” Ozor defined public policy, the term have been viewed differently and some have defined it as an action” (Onah, 2005, p.233). Corruption among the leaders inhibits the implementation of the public policy by the bureaucracy. The leadership portrays ineffectiveness and thus affecting the politics of a nation. Implementation activities are altered because of the values attached and the demands that are unlikely to be satisfied. This problem of unworthy leadership causes misappropriation of funds allocated for implementation of policies. The formality in policy development makes the process of the formulation to be cumbersome because of distinct features which among them include; authority and the hierarchy, division of labor, neutral status and rational behavior. “ Obodoechi concluded that implementation of policies is not an automatic affair” (Nweke, 2009, p.322 ). Choosing of leaders who lack skills lowers the quality of any policy formulated. The objective must be clearly defined and outlined before application stage this is accompanied with programs put in place to monitor proper functioning. There is the presence of over-ambitious nature of the public policies by leaders who are boastful and only seek the attention of the public for self-interest. There is the insufficient aim of development in the rules made by these leaders and thus it’s a show off by the political leaders. Some leaders make false promises of how they will offer free education with the intention to gather more recognition. The unfulfilled promise creates desperation among the people since the leaders are incapable of meeting their demands. They claim that they will alleviate poverty in the community by building new projects that will create employment to the citizens. Agencies mandated to implement these public policies lack the financial resources to conduct their role in an effective way. Inadequate resources by the government are caused by failure to budget the required amount of funds for the implementation of the formulated policies. For timely completion of activities the government is entitled with authority to allocate finance through the ministry of finance. “The role of government is to a large extent the role of public bueracracies” (Abah, 2010, p.155).
There is a lack of experts such as professionals with technical experience to handle issues relating to law making and formulation. The managerial team conducts its business in a competence manner to enhance successful implementing. The personnel required to perform respective tasks in various departments is inadequate. There exists a challenge of placing the personal interest first which conflicts with developing of public policy where the leaders tend to deviate from the co-business most of the times. The way in which they neglect approach of implementation on the basis of whether or not it affects their cultural , ethnic or religious background. Some organizations or agencies have interests that delay the process in order to distort the information and cause deliberate delay. Undue influence from political authorities results in changing the purpose to suit the interest of the few individuals in the government with big titles.
Political heads of various regions and ministries come up with the new policies hence there is no intervention from the third party any legal representatives to cater for the rights of majority citizens. Bureaucrats are denied the chance to contribute to the debate of development of new rules and regulations and their decisions are ignored. The issues of administrative are vital in this perspective to be left for handling by the bureaucrats. Time is wasted in the consultation which would have otherwise been of great use if well utilized. This wastage causes sluggishness in the overall work of making a new policy or even developing one that is already in existence.” Peterson defined public policy as a government action or proposed action directed at achieving certain desired goals” (Ikelegbe, 2006, p.123). The abrogation nature of a policy since each and every regime that takes power has its unique style of leadership. The political parties are concerned with making their own impressions on projects instead of focusing on good governance to meet welfare of the people who elected them into political power. The linking of socio and economic policies with administration alters quick decision making and analysis of the important points of great importance to the issue at hand.
Conclusion
The government should try to come with projects to improve the current working conditions and consider a better pay to leaders in public offices to avoid corruption. Better remuneration motivates employees and workers and thus necessary for the development of public policy.Democracy will hasten the purposeful leaderships that aim at developing appropriate policies. Politics should be excluded in bureaucratic activities to reduce infiltration by the leaders with bad motive hence people assigned the task of policy formulation should be allowed to practice independent of thought and should not be coerced to pass a rule unlawfully. The enactment of a law to protect the policies from change whenever government is led by a different party. Each and every leader should respect the leadership by not changing the policies before the tenure period is over.
Works cited
Abah, N.C. (2010) Development Administration: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach Enugu: John Jacob Classic Publishers Ltd.
Abdulsalemi, A. (1990). “Public Policy: Concepts, Approaches and Processes”.
In Obasi, I.N., & Yakub, N.O. (1998. Local Government Policy Making and Execution in Nigeria Ibadan: University Press Plc.
Adamolekun, L. (1983). Public Administration: A Nigerian and Comparative Perspectives NewYork: Longman Inc.
Adebayo, A. (2000) (2nd Edition) Principles and Practice of Public Administration in Nigeria. Ibadan: Spectrum Book Ltd.
Amucheazi, E.C. (1980). Readings in Social Sciences: Issues in National Development Enugu: Fourth Dimension Publishers.
Ezeani, E. O. (2006). Fundamentals of Public Administration. Enugu: Snaap Press Ltd.
Heady, F. (1992). Encyclopedia of Government and Politics London: Routledge.
Hornby, A.S (2010) Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary of Current English. London: University Press.
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