Acc102 Principles Of Managerial Accounting Assessment Answers

Answer to Question 2

The major liabilities of JB Hi-Fi Limited at the end of the financial year are the Trade and Other Payable under the head of Current Liabilities and Borrowings under the head Non-current Liabilities. This is because the Trade and Other Payables accounts for an amount of $387,020 which is approximately 64.55% of the total liabilities incurred by the company. The Non-Current Borrowings also is a major liability. This is because it accounts for an amount of $124,331which forms around 20.73% of the total current liability of the company.

Answer to Question 3

The items that are included under the heading Provisions in the Current Liabilities section of the balance sheet of the company are Employee Benefits and Lease Provisions.

Employee Benefit generally refers to wages, salaries and contributions on the part of the employer to the employee pertaining to fields like free medical insurance for all the employees of the organization, a stipulated number of annual leaves that are paid by the company, incentives and bonus and non monetary benefits like basic allowances which the company accepts to bear on behalf of the employee. Now all the liabilities that come under Employee benefit should be paid within 12 months from the reporting period of the employee. This means that as the Provisions come under Current Liabilities therefore the liabilities that are recorded under Provisions should be paid within that financial year in which it is incurred that is the nature of the liabilities should be short term liabilities. Any component of the employee benefit that is payable after twelve months from the reporting period should be recoded under the head Provisions in Non-Current Liabilities (Pettersson and Brolin 2014).

The other component included under the head Provision is Lease Provision. Lease Provision refer to the payments that the company has to make in relation to the assets or other materials that it has taken on lease. Now lease provisions under Current Liabilities are allowed to record only those rental payments that are to be made in that particular financial year (Horngren et al., 2012).

Yes they satisfy the definition of provisions as contained in IAS 37/AASB137. The definition in these laid down standards are that certain conditions should be met in order to realize or acknowledge a particular liability as provision. The conditions are that an entity should have a present obligation in relation to a past event; it can also be probably assumed that there will be expenditure of resources in order to settle the particular obligation and lastly the obligation should be such that it can be estimated. All these conditions are met by the Provision in the financial statement of JB Hi-Fi Limited. This is because the Employee Benefit and Lease Provisions are an estimable obligation and should be settled for long term benefit of the company.

The amount by which the employee benefit has increased over the year is ($35,111 – $27,802) $7309.

Answer to Question 4

In the financial year of 2013, the amount that has been raised by interest-bearing loans is $455.

Payment of interest on loans that have been repaid that is the expense incurred by the company in paying off such interest bearing loans amount to $26210.

In comparison to the previous accounting year, the company has incurred less expense in terms of Repayment of borrowings than in the current financial year. In the financial year of 2012 the company had incurred an amount of $84,174 as disclosed by the cash flow statement of the annual report of the company for the repayment on borrowings. This means that in the year of 2012 the company had taken more loan from its borrowers, but in the current financial year that is in the year of 2013 it reduced by an amount of $57,964 signifying that the company either had expansion or implementation plans in the financial year of 2012 or the financial condition of the company has improved (Birt et al., 2012).

Answer to Question 5

Yes, a component of the non-current liabilities that are secured is the Bank Loan is secured. But as there has been no borrowing in terms of bank loan for the financial year of 2013 therefore there will be no secured component under Non-Current Liabilities.

Answer to Question 6

The non-current liability that is due for repayment within 2 years is $7102. The amount that is due for repayment within two to five years is $132,102 and later than five years is nil as disclosed by the note 41 in the annual reports of the company.

Answer to Question 7

Yes there are non-current provisions consisting of the same components as current provisions that is Employee Benefit and Lease Provisions. But as they are recorded under non-current liabilities they represent that part of the Employee Benefit or Lease Provision that has to be paid after twelve months that is beyond the current financial year. They simply are long term debt in nature (Birt et al., 2012).

Part B

Answer to Question 1

The Country Road Limited being a company or a going concern follows the standards set down for the preparation of financial statements of the same. Therefore the income tax expense is rightly deducted from the income statement. But in case of partnership the rule is different. As the partners start business there is a partnership deed established to which the partners have to agree. In that deed along with all other specifications a certain ratio is also calculated. This ratio is derived from the respective contribution of capital in business by the partners. This is known as the profit or loss sharing ratio. The partners will very mandatorily have to share in the revenues and expenses of business in respect to the established ratio. Therefore in case of a partnership firm this particular tax expense would come in the statement of profit and loss appropriation and would be divided in between the partners in accordance to the ratio (Brigham and Houston 2012).

Answer to Question 2

In case of Country Road Limited, the statements of changes in equity regarding retained earnings include all the components like net loss, if any and dividends that are to be paid to the investors of the company. In order to find the total profit or in order to conduct appropriation of profit these losses and dividends have to be subtracted from the available profit and then the amount of retained earnings of the company for the particular financial year can be known. 

In case of a partnership firm the retained earnings are calculated by the creating the statement of appropriation of profit and loss account. In such a statement the profit available is calculated by reducing the net loss and other expenses from the revenue gained by the partnership firm and then it is divided among the partners. All this is done on the basis of the profit and loss sharing ratio that is established before the partners enter into business. The ratio is established on the basis of capital contributed by the partners.

Answer to Question 3

The issued capital is a component of the total subscribed capital. Issued capital refers to that capital that is issued to the investors of the company. Every year a listed company puts up its shares with the aim to increase its capital. The investors who aim to buy the shares of a particular company go through their financial statements and other disclosures in order to measure the financial performance and the liquidity position of the company in order to ensure that the invest in the right company and do not incur loss. When finally the investors purchase the shares of a particular company they become the stakeholders, more specifically the shareholders of the particular business and the capital earned by the company by issuing shares to the shareholders become known as Issued Capital.

Now in case of a partnership firm the only capital that is employed into business is the capital contributed by the partners in order to start the business. Another instance of bringing further capital into a partnership firm is when a new partner is appointed by the old partners. The old partners if decide to include a new partner into business then this new partner may bring in additional capital or asset into business. Thus there is no issued capital in case of a partnership firm (Hofmann and Lampe 2013).

Answer to Question 4

A cash flow statement is essentially a statement that shows the cash and cash equivalents that flow in and out of the business during a particular financial year. The cash flow statement is very important in case of a company as the economic decision taken by a particular investor majorly depend on the nature of the particular statement. Even in case of the management of the company whose cash flow statement is being prepared, the management refers to the statement in order to take decisions, mostly because a cash flow statement is prepared on accrual basis resulting in accurate forecasts. Therefore Country Road Limited is mandatorily required to prepare cash flow statement.

However in case of a partnership firm a cash flow statement is not prepared. The financial statements of a partnership firm include statement of appropriation of profit, statement of partner’s capital and the balance sheet. The reasons for not preparing a cash flow statement in case of a partnership firm is because a partnership firm is not listed, therefore the cash flow statement will not be required to be referred by the potential investors. Secondly a partnership firm is a very small venture in comparison to a company and there is not much inflow or outflow of cash, thus the need of preparing a cash flow statement is minimized. A typical partnership would therefore not prepare a cash flow statement (Azizkhani, Monroe and Shailer 2013).

References

Horngren, C., Harrison, W., Oliver, S., Best, P., Fraser, D., Tan, R. and Willett, R., 2012. Accounting. Pearson Higher Education AU.

Horngren, C., Harrison, W., Oliver, S., Best, P., Fraser, D. and Tan, R., 2012. Financial accounting. Pearson Higher Education AU.

Birt, J., Chalmers, K., Byrne, S., Brooks, A. and Oliver, J., 2012. Business sustainability.

Birt, J., Chalmers, K., Byrne, S., Brooks, A. and Oliver, J., 2012. Performance measurement.

Pettersson, S. and Brolin, D., 2014. Proposed new lease standard-Do investors adjust for capitalized operating leases in their assessment on market value of equity?.

Brigham, E.F. and Houston, J.F., 2012. Fundamentals of financial management. Cengage Learning.

Hofmann, E. and Lampe, K., 2013. Financial statement analysis of logistics service providers: ways of enhancing performance. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 43(4), pp.321-342.

Azizkhani, M., Monroe, G.S. and Shailer, G., 2013. Audit partner tenure and cost of equity capital. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 32(1), pp.183-202.