ACMVET202A Carry Out Daily Clinic Routines And Management
Questions:
Restricted substances
a.What are three storage requirements for restricted substances?
b.Who may issue a prescription for a restricted substance?
c.What words must a veterinarian write on any prescription?
Drugs of addiction
a.What are the storage requirements for possession of a drug of addiction?
b.What records should be kept when dispensing drugs of addiction?
Answers:
Restricted Substances
(a)
Storage requirements for restricted substances that have been categorized as Schedule 4 drugs have been clearly indicated. These types of drugs are prescription only medications and in a pharmacy must be stored inside the dispensary for preventing direct access by public. Health practitioner are obliged to store these drugs in their usual area of practice either in a container, room or cabinet that is locked and only authorized health personnel may reach out to them and may only transport them under certain specific given condition (Ww2.health.wa.gov.au 2017).
(b)
Authorized personnel like that of a Registered Practitioner are entitled to issue prescription for a restricted substance. Thus, in a veterinary clinic, a veterinary surgeon holds the authority of writing a prescription meant for treatment of animals only (Gabay 2015).
(c)
A veterinarian is obliged to write a prescription for rendering treatment with respect to a particular situation for which they advocate in consequence to consultation. Prescription must carry the signature of the veterinarian and bear the date it was written. The name and address of the animal’s owner alongside the species of the animal must also be documented besides the name, quantity and strength of the prescribed drug in addition to adequate guidelines for use. A veterinary practitioner is to work in compliance with the Regulation 13 of the DPCS Regulations by virtue of which they may only prescribe scheduled drugs because of therapeutic needs. Prescription medicines in veterinary practice is crucial as it directly relates to the treatment outcomes as applicable in diverse situations and the veterinarian must conform to the Commonwealth and State legislations to perform the assigned duties in an appropriate manner (Vetboard.vic.gov.au 2017).
Drugs of Addiction
(a)
Drugs of addiction refer to the substances that appear in Schedule 8 of the NSW Poison list and hence call for greater attention in case of their possession. The procedural decorum concerning storage requirements that need to be followed in case of these drugs have been clearly depicted in the guidelines of appropriate authority. This includes maintaining authority, conducting training and supervision, maintenance of storage, inventory and stock take and subsequently undertaking issuing of substances, maintenance of drugs register and carrying out disposal and loss or theft. Authorized individuals consisting of head of animal facilities and head of laboratory facilities will be entrusted with the responsibility of taking charge of the situation so that only designated individuals perform use of these drugs. It has been clearly stated that these drugs need to be kept in safe custody in locked safe or vault so that unauthorized access may be well mitigated (Staff.mq.edu.au 2017).
(b)
As per the propositions made in the Controlled Substances Act 1984 and Controlled Substances (Poisons) Regulation 2011, it is mandatory to abide by certain legal obligations so that dispensing of the drugs of addiction does not have any loopholes. For this type of Schedule 8 drugs, as per Regulations 41, a drug of dependence register must be maintained for recording all transactions. Further, it has been mentioned that in accordance with Regulations 49, al records need to be kept for a minimum of two years from last date of entry on the record. A pharmacist dispensing the drug may only do so subjected to receipt of confirmation that the person ordering the drug is legally authorized for the possession of the drug (Sahealth.sa.gov.au 2017).
Hydrobathing A Dog
|
STEPS |
ORDER (1-9) |
|
Replace the lid onto the tanks. Change water direction to suit the tank being used. Switch tank on. |
2 |
|
Check water temperature while filling the tanks. Luke warm is best. |
4 |
|
Insert the plugs into the bottom of the bath. Tie the filter bags securely to the water outlets. |
5 |
|
Place the shampoo into the tank after it is filled and mix shampoo into the water. |
8 |
|
Make sure you wash the skin not just the surface hair. Rinse thoroughly. |
9 |
|
Hold the dog securely when you first turn on the spray. |
1 |
|
Towel dry the animal. Remove the dog carefully from the bath. |
6 |
|
Begin washing the lower back of the dog until it becomes relaxed. |
7 |
|
Gently place the dog into the bath and replace sliding door. Thread lead under the door to stop dog from escaping. Reassure the dog. |
3 |
Washing Hands Hygienically
|
STEPS |
ORDER (1-8) |
|
Apply the hand wash to your hands |
3 |
|
Remove all traces of the hand wash |
5 |
|
Wet your hands |
2 |
|
Dry your hands on some paper towel |
8 |
|
Make sure you wash the back and front of your hands, and around your wrists |
6 |
|
Turn the tap off |
7 |
|
Place your hand back under the tap |
4 |
|
Adjust the water temperature |
1 |
Zoonotic Diseases
|
Zoonotic disease for Dog | |
|
Name of zoonotic disease |
Ringworm or dermatophytosis |
|
Transmission from animal to human |
Infection in animal due to direct contact with fungus, the spores of which may remain dormant for months |
|
Signs and symptoms |
Circular areas of hair loss showing scattered alopecia throughout the body Inflammed lesion with scabby coverings Fungal infection or onychomycosis |
|
Treatment of animal |
Elimination of environmental contamination Combination of topical therapy (application of ointments, creams and shampoos) and systemic therapy (oral administration of anti-fungal drugs) |
|
Treatment of human |
Topical or oral administration of antifungal medications for exerting systemic effects |
|
Preventive strategies |
Wearing of gloves and long sleeves during pet handling, Vacuuming of home areas frequented by pet (Moriello et al. 2017) |
|
Zoonotic disease for Cat | |
|
Name of zoonotic disease |
Giardiasis |
|
Transmission from animal to human |
Swallowing of the cyst stage of the parasite by cat induces infection that gradually transforms into trophozoite in the intestine and pass on infection to other animals or humans |
|
Signs and symptoms |
Diarrhea, Bloody stool accompanied by flatulence or mucous, Vomiting might occur, Gradual weight loss |
|
Treatment of animal |
Giardia pathogen is killed by oral medications such as Fenbendazole and Metronidazole either alone or in combination |
|
Treatment of human |
Antiparasitic drugs, antibiotic drugs like Metronidacole, Tinidazole, Nitazoxanide, Paramomycin |
|
Preventive strategies |
Good personal hygiene, Hand washing with soap after cleaning litter boxes, good samittaion procedures (Gruffydd-Jones et al. 2013) |
Exotic Animals
|
Care sheet for Ferret, an exotic animal | |
|
Feeding requirements |
Diet high in animal protein and fat but low content of carbohydrate, fresh water |
|
Temperature |
60 and 80 degrees Fahrenheit |
|
Handling techniques |
Grasped around the neck and shoulders, while handling one hand should be kept under the shoulders with thumb under the jaw while other hand will support animal’s hind limbs. |
|
Short-term housing |
Dark, private and snug fit soft nest, litter box with a very low entrance fresh food supply in warm and dry nest consisting of group housing facility, cage filled with recycled newspaper items or aspen shavings (Hamilton and Gillespie 2016) |
References
Gabay, M., 2013. Federal Controlled Substances Act: Controlled Substances Prescriptions. Hospital pharmacy, 48(8), p.644.
Gruffydd-Jones, T., Addie, D., Belák, S., Boucraut-Baralon, C., Egberink, H., Frymus, T., Hartmann, K., Hosie, M.J., Lloret, A., Lutz, H. and Marsilio, F., 2013. Giardiasis in cats: ABCD guidelines on prevention and management. Journal of feline medicine and surgery, 15(7), pp.650-652.
Hamilton, L. and Gillespie, K., 2016. Ferret. AV2 by Weigl.
Moriello, K.A., Coyner, K., Paterson, S. and Mignon, B., 2017. Diagnosis and treatment of dermatophytosis in dogs and cats. Veterinary Dermatology, 28(3), p.266.
Staff.mq.edu.au 2017. Storage and Use of Drugs of Addiction used in Research. [online] Staff.mq.edu.au. Available at: https://staff.mq.edu.au/work/strategy-planning-and-governance/university-policies-and-procedures/policies/storage-and-use-of-drugs-of-addiction-used-in-research [Accessed 4 Oct. 2017].
Vetboard.vic.gov.au 2017. Guidelines for Veterinary Practitioners. [online] Vetboard.vic.gov.au. Available at: https://www.vetboard.vic.gov.au [Accessed 4 Oct. 2017].
Ww2.health.wa.gov.au 2017. Storage of medicines and poisons. [online] Ww2.health.wa.gov.au. Available at: https://ww2.health.wa.gov.au/Articles/S_T/Storage-of-medicines-and-poisons [Accessed 4 Oct. 2017].
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