Cpccbc5018A Apply Structural Principles: Blue Assessment Answers

Project 4 Blue Mountains TAFE

Job Address: WSI Blue Mountains College, Parke St, Blue Mountains, NSW

Job Title: New facility for Beauty Therapy and Complementary Health Classrooms and Offices

Client: NSW Department of Commerce

Architect: Perumal Pedavoli Architects, Wattle St, Ultimo, NSW

Task

You are to prepare a Demolition Plan for the works as detailed in the plans for the project.

An application for a permit to demolish or remove a building must include the following information:

• a description of the building(s) to be demolished
• a site plan showing the building in relation to boundaries, other buildings on the site and adjacent sites, streets, footpaths and crossings
• details of protection, hoardings, barricades and protective awnings
• a written description of the demolition procedure

Answer:

Introduction

The role of this demolition plan is to provide the techniques and the procedures for Blue Mountains College to follow for the safer and resourceful demolition of the New Facility for Beauty Therapy and Complementary Health, Class Rooms and Offices. All the procedures of work and demolition will be in line with AS2061 of the Australian Building Code (Bansal & Singh 2014).

Description of the Building(s)

The project is inclusive of the demolition of Building Blocks B and E of WSI Blue Mountains College both of which are single storey weatherboard buildings. The buildings have been constructed off a concrete slab on the ground level with assumed strip and pad foundations. None of the chosen buildings B and E has basement levels. Building Block E neighbours the Cascade Street to the north, Block B to the south and just in front of it is Building Block F which is to be retained. Building Block B is adjacent to Blocks A and C on the front and rear facades respectively with Block E being adjacent on the side. Concrete ribbed floor parking slots is the immediate neighbourhood of this block which is accessed either from the Cascade Street through in between Blocks F and A or via the New Driveway. The available car park that is adjacent to Block B is a concrete slab uncovered area.

A demolition of a building structure in a construction work involves dismantling a structure that is load-bearing without removing utilities such as power, light and telecommunication poles, dismantling the formwork, false work, and other structures designed or used to provide support during the construction work.

Figure 1: Site Plan for Building Block B to be demolished

The scope of the task in this work plan involves the demolition of the Building Blocks B and E of WSI Blue Mountains College both of which are single storey weatherboard buildings all the way to the slab of the property where possible. Categorically, all the structures of the building that is above the ground floor inclusive of the ground floor itself and any other extraneous non-structural wall that is found within the basement of the building will be brought down (Fesanghary, Asadi & Geem 2012). The properties are two stories of the lower ground floor and the ground floor alongside the basement. Each of the floors is 2500 square feet and the building has a perimeter of about 450 feet. This demolition work is to be inclusive of both the interior and exterior of the building. This will extend even to the exterior walls of the basement that will not be left undisturbed (Kong et al. 2012).

Planning and preparation in the building involves consultation for purposes for required design, supply, installation, as well as the use of an overhead protective structure. The overhead protection structure, on its part, considers type and loading of the overhead protective structures that are required, location of the areas to be protected, pedestrian and vehicle access, location of the underground service and access to services, overhead power lines, other obstructions, duration of overhead protection, as well as the preferred materials to be used. These overhead protection structures include the crane lifting area, drainage water, and provision of temporary services like power, water, drainage, and concrete pump lines. The overhead protective structure must be designed for dead loads and live loads including wind loads in accordance with the appropriate standards.

The structural frames and materials throughout the buildings cater for the structural values of the beams, columns, and the slabs in resisting the lateral and gravitational loads. The materials are to be used in three ways: structurally to hold the building up; as cladding, to keep the weather out; and as 'internals', to insulate against heat and sound. These materials are to be stiff, strong, and are of minimal costs. Stiff, so that the building does not flex too much under wind loads, or internal loading. They have to be strong so that there is no risk of it collapsing. The structural frame of a building is rarely exposed to the environment; and it is not, in general, visible. Therefore, the criteria of corrosion resistance, or appearance, are not important at some level. The design goal is simple: strength and stiffness at minimum cost.

The Demolition Procedure

The demolition procedures involve inquiring the relationship between the health and safety duties and the demolition work as well as the associated risk management for the whole process. More than that, the aspects of planning the demolition work as far as notification, contraction, designing, licensing, safe work methods, as well as the essential services are of great essence. This procedure also takes care of the risks in the demolition work in the buildings or structures to be demolished, the hazardous chemical and materials, security of the work area, plant and equipment, removal of debris, electricity, fire prevention, information, training, supervision, and the falls. The methodology of the demolition process such as manual demolition, mechanical demolition, induced collapse, and use of explosives must be put to check in the demolition procedure.

Demolition Guideline

1. WSI Blue Mountains College, Parke St, Blue Mountains, NSW will cooperate and attain all the required permits among them the building permit as well as public space permit in undertaking this task. Upon obtaining the permits, they will be posted on the site.
2. Notification of miss utility will be done within at least 48 hours before the beginning of any work on the site (Huang et al. 2013).
3. There shall be the erection of temporary fence by others around the perimeter of the building
4. An engineering survey of the building structure will be conducted by WSI Blue Mountains College, Parke St, Blue Mountains, and NSW prior to the demolition so as to evaluate the associated structural hazards (Bhandari et al. 2013). A registered Professional Engineer will carry out the sure vet and the results offered by the recommended body.

Figure 2: Demolition Phasing of the temporary support slab

5. An environmental survey of the building structure will be conducted by WSI Blue Mountains College, Parke St, the Blue Mountains, NSW prior to the demolition and the results offered by the recommended body. The survey will be inclusive of lead-based paint and asbestos (Chen et al. 2013).
6. A copy of the Site Specific Work Plan for WSI Blue Mountains College, Parke St, Blue Mountains, NSW will be obtained by the demolition engineer before the commencement of the work. The demolition activities will be carried out in line with the provisions of Clauses 2.2.3 and 2.3 of AS2601.
7. All the utility lines among them gas, water, electricity, and sewer will be disconnected prior to the demolition of the building and the universal waste stream including ballast and light bulbs removed (Saez et al. 2013). Capping off the utility line will be done at the property line and any overhead cable de-energized or otherwise protected as per the provisions of the procedures of Miss Utility.
8. Removal of the AC units and Freon from such units will be collected by an authorized company prior to the demolition (Ruming 2014). The collection of the Freon will be noted and a closeout report released to the disposal of the owner.
9. Pre-demolition meeting will be conducted on the site
10. There will be limited access to the site to unauthorized personnel only and the site will be under the guard of a contracted security. There will be privacy fencing erected along the side of the building that is facing the road. After working hours and during the weekends, the points of access to the site will be locked using a key that will be maintained by the Site Manager. There will be available on site portable restroom to the workers on the site as may be deemed necessary.
11. All the activities of demolition will be carried out in such a way that they provide the least disruption to the community (Huang et al. 2013). Wet demo methods will be used in controlling dust. The supply of water on the site will be through an on-site water source or supply. Working will be done only within the permitted operating hours for the community in order to control noise. The normal working hours will be from 7 am to 4 pm.

Figure 3: Dust fighter

12. The demolition activities will not interfere with the soil surfaces that are surrounding the structure and any building part that would come into contact with the material of the subsurface will be required to remain in place. Such will be inclusive of but not limited to the walls of the basement (Motawa & Almarshad 2013). There will be no demolition done beyond the slab of the structure. The whole wall that is to the south of the structure which is inclusive of the entrance to the basement will be brought down to the slab. The basement that are supporting the walls will be left intact i.e. the structural or the load bearing walls which support the basement walls on the exterior are not to be removed.
13. Systematic structural demolition of the building will be conducted from the building top to the bottom with the aid of a 200 series Track Excavator (73000 LBS). All the demolition work will be carried out using the 200 series Track Excavator (73000 LBS). All hand work will begin from the ground level like separation of the wood debris from metal or concrete (Ruming 2014). The heavy equipment will find their way into the property through the entrance of the driveway and locate themselves on the driveway for the activities of demolition.

14. Roll off and/ or demo trailers will be used in hauling offsite all the construction debris.
15. The construction debris will be transported to a recommended landfill in which all the concrete, metals and bricks will be ferried to a recycler (Frazier, Bagchi & Knight 2013).
16. Clearance of the site will be conducted each day to the approval of the Site Manager.
17. The demolition company will take charge of traffic controls to carry out demolition activities. The traffic controls will be carried out during loading and offloading of the equipment as well as haul trucks.

Figure 6: Equipment Details and Calculation

Demolition Procedure

The following documents will need to be prepared and presented by the contractor before beginning the demotion works:

• Excavation Management Plan
• Dilapidation Survey
• Demolition Management Plan

All the demolition works must be carried out in line with the relevant sections of AS2061 provisions.

The process of demolition process is done in a principle such that it is the reverse of the process of construction.

The process of demolition will begin at the roofs of both buildings. The demolition machines and equipment will be positioned in such a way that it brings down the structures from the top in manner that the roof falls at the center of the building. Upon removal of the superstructure, the walls will follow. The internal finishes of the building will be removed. The services will then be eliminated inclusive of the conduits, pipework, and air-conditioning. Where necessary the facades will be ejected and then the demolition of the structure will follow with the aid of a large demolition plant and equipment.

Demolition and cleanse of the site will take an average of 1 month. Reference should as well be made to the Preliminary Construction Management Plan that was submitted as Part of the Environment Effects Statement.

Protective Measures

A B Class hoarding is to be erected around the demarcated site to be demolished before the beginning of the demolition works. Still. Under circumstances of the occurrence of a risk of fall of any material into the marked public areas, there will be the provision of overhead protection that would also be in the form of Class B hoarding. Under such circumstances, it is expected that a class B hoarding will be erected on the same side as the main road access to the building from which access by both motorists and pedestrians take place.

There will be scaffoldings established on the facades of the building in which there could be fall that is more than 4m. The scaffold will be made of clads that have shade cloth and chain wire to prevent and trap dust and debris onto the site.

There will be deployed measures to control dust during the demolition process.

 A senior representative will be assigned at the site by the contractor all the time to ascertain that there is compliance with the safety provisions as well as the agreed methods of work.

Safety Procedures

• Activity Hazard Analysis
• The activity hazard analysis is as shown below (Smith 2015)
• Protection of the Public
• There will be provided a temporary safety fence around the perimeter of the building

Protection and Prevention of Fire

1. All the heating apparatus used in the case of performance of hot work should be in line with the regulations of OSHA and NEPA. Upon necessity, the demolition constructor will acquire a Hot Work Permit from the authorities and the hot work will not allow progressing until issuance of the permit (Eastman 2018).
2. Cables to lines must be placed in such a way to ensure that they won’t be cut or destroyed by falling debris.
3. Surfaces that are below the welding or cutting should be maintained clear
4. Ready availability of the fire extinguishers when heating or cutting is ongoing on the job
5. The supply line and connections should be carried out in such a way that they are not fire hazards (Mália et al. 2013).
6. Provision of ventilation in areas in which heating and cutting take place (Fu et al. 2013).
7. The use of cutting shield and goggles for the protection of the eye as well as prevention of the flash burns

Personal Protective Equipment

1. Gloves are needed
2. The use of long-sleeved shirts and welding shirts
3. There will be wearing of the personal protective equipment should be done when necessary
4. Protection against harmful fumes will be achieved with the use of respiratory protection
5. There should be available on the site Material Safety Data Sheets
6. There must be worn ear protection when operating heavy equipment
7. Proper judgment utilization is expected of all the employees when going about their personal habits (Villoria et al. 2012)
8. The health and safety regulations will be complied with

Disposal

The demolition debris that is obtained from the process of demolition will be divided into four streams of wastes:

• Metals
• Masonry materials
• Construction debris
• Universal Wastes

Metal, masonry and concrete materials will be taken through a recycler

Construction debris will be separated from each other and then disposed to a recommended landfill. Each of the landfills used should be inclusive of the attachments of the permits.

Any identified universal wastes will be disposed beside any environmental wastes that have been identified as have been established by the environmental survey that had been conducted prior to the actual demolition (Smith 2015). The universal wastes are first ferried to a federal property in which it is temporarily stored after which it is transported to the approved and recommended facility for disposal that has been selected on the basis of the findings from the environmental survey.

Figure 7: Cross section of Demolition Phasing

All the waste streams will have to be disposed in line with the guideline of the local, state and federation. The disposal site operator should sign a receipt that is to be presented by the necessary authorities within a span of 30 days of the disposal. The signed receipt should be indicative of the receipt date and the amount of the material that was received (Chyn 2015). Besides, the receipt should also be indicative of the existing conditions of the materials as they were delivered to the landfill and the region in which the debris was finally deposited.

Figure 8: Plan View of the Demolition Phasing

References

Bansal, S., & Singh, S. K. (2014). A sustainable approach towards the construction and demolition waste. International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering, and Technology, 3(2), 1262-1269

Bhandari, M. G., Kulkarni, V. K., & Malviya, R. K. (2013). Building demolition: ground to earth important as construction. International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering, 3(4), 396-401

Chen, Z., Abdullah, A. B., Anumba, C. J., & Li, H. (2013). ANP experiment for demolition plan evaluation. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 140(2), 06013005

Chyn, E. (2015). Moved to opportunity: The long-run effect of public housing demolition on labor market outcomes of children. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan

Council, S. T., Telford, F. M. K., & Shields, S. (2012). Demolition of buildings.

Eastman, C. M. (2018). Building product models: computer environments, supporting design and construction. CRC Press

Fesanghary, M., Asadi, S., & Geem, Z. W. (2012). Design of low-emission and energy-efficient residential buildings using a multi-objective optimization algorithm. Building and environment, 49, 245-250

Frazier, A. E., Bagchi-Sen, S., & Knight, J. (2013). The spatiotemporal impacts of demolition land use policy and crime in a shrinking city. Applied Geography, 41, 55-64

Fu, F., Pan, L., Ma, L., & Li, Z. (2013). A simplified method to estimate the energy-saving potentials of frequent construction and demolition process in China. Energy, 49, 316-322

Huang, T., Shi, F., Tanikawa, H., Fei, J., & Han, J. (2013). Materials demand and environmental impact of buildings construction and demolition in China based on dynamic material flow analysis. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 72, 91-101

Kleemann, F., Lederer, J., Aschenbrenner, P., Rechberger, H., & Fellner, J. (2016). A method for determining buildings’ material composition prior to demolition. Building Research & Information, 44(1), 51-62

Kong, X., Lu, S., & Wu, Y. (2012). A review of building energy efficiency in China during “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” period. Energy policy, 41, 624-635

Mália, M., de Brito, J., Pinheiro, M. D., & Bravo, M. (2013). Construction and demolition waste indicators. Waste Management & Research, 31(3), 241-255

Motawa, I., & Almarshad, A. (2013). A knowledge-based BIM system for building maintenance. Automation in Construction, 29, 173-182

Ruming, K. (2014). “It wasn’t about public housing, it was about the way it was done”: challenging planning not people in resisting the Nation Building Economic Stimulus Plan, Australia. Journal of housing and the built environment, 29(1), 39-60

Saez, P. V., del Río Merino, M., González, A. S. A., & Porras-Amores, C. (2013). Best practice measures assessment for construction and demolition waste management in building constructions. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 75, 52-62

Silva, R. V., De Brito, J., & Dhir, R. K. (2014). Properties and composition of recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste suitable for concrete production. Construction and Building Materials, 65, 201-217.

Smith, J. L. (2015). The Chicago Housing Authority’s plan for transformation. In Where Are Poor People to Live?: Transforming Public Housing Communities (pp. 105-136). Routledge

Villoria Sáez, P., del Río Merino, M., & Porras-Amores, C. (2012). Estimation of construction and demolition waste volume generation in new residential buildings in Spain. Waste Management & Research, 30(2), 137-146