Hypertension Nursing Assignment

Introduction: Blood pressure is an unhealthy condition having the combination of two options like the total amount of blood pumped by the heart and the resistance of blood flowing in the arteries. Blood pressure hikes due to the blood pumped by the heart and the narrowing of arteries due to fat deposition. If the high blood pressure increases eventually, then there is having a great risk of heart failure, heart stroke, brain cell damage.

Symptoms: The symptoms are generally in a mode of silence that may detect after a long period of time. But in a severe condition the symptoms are:

• Headache
• Bleeding from nose
• Tiredness
• Pain in chest
• Eye power changes
• Bloody urine
• Shortness of breath

Cause:

• Primaryhypertension: This kind is also known as essential hypertension. The actual cause is yet to be known. This type is really common in people. Various factors may play an important role in this type which are as follows:
• Gene: Some may be inherited from their parents due to mutation or genetic abnormalities.
• Physical causes: If any disease caused then the natural balance changed in the body increasing the blood pressure.
• Environmental condition: Having a poor diet, lacking physical activities can cause the disease easily. Abnormal weight gain, obesity, overweight can increase the risk even high.
• Secondaryhypertension: This type is more severe than primary one and having the following points included:
• Irregular sleeping problems.
• Kidney disease.
• Heart problems.
• Thyroid problems.
• Medicine side effects.
• Misuse of drugs.
• Maximum alcohol consumption.
• Endocrine tumor.
• Adrenaline disease.

Diagnosis: Blood pressure generally comes in millimeters of mercury i.e mm Hg. The upper number indicates the systolic pressure and likewise, the lower number indicates the diastolic pressure.

• Healthy/ normalbloodpressure: A healthy person has 120/80 mm Hg or below than this.
• Elevatedbloodpressure: In this case, the systolic pressure varies between 120 to 129mm Hg and the diastolic pressure below 80 mm Hg. If proper treatment is not treated then it will get worse.
• Stage1hypertension: In stage 1 the systolic pressure varies between 130 to 139 mm Hg whereas diastolic pressure varies between 80 to 89 mm Hg.
• Stage2hypertension: This stage is worse than stage 1. Here the systolic pressure will be 140 mm Hg or more than that and likewise, diastolic pressure is 90 mm Hg.

Treatment:

• Beta-blockers: These make the heartbeat slower by reducing the amount of blood pumped into arteries.
• Diuretics: These are also called water pills which remove the excess amount of sodium from the body to reduce the blood pressure.
• ACEinhibitors: Angiotensin-converting enzyme restricts the excess amount of chemical products which helps the narrowing of the arterial wall and also tightens it.
• Calciumchannelblockers: These restrict the calcium incoming to the cardiac wall and lowering the blood pressure.

Prevention:

• Eating healthy food is reducing meat intake and increasing plant foods.
• Doing exercises and yoga.
• Focusing on healthy weight gain.
• Reducing stress.
• Get rid of smoking and alcohol consumption.